diff --git a/experiments/EXPERIMENT_LOG.md b/experiments/EXPERIMENT_LOG.md
index 82df3ad..8ecc4f8 100644
--- a/experiments/EXPERIMENT_LOG.md
+++ b/experiments/EXPERIMENT_LOG.md
@@ -722,3 +722,51 @@ is sometimes slower, and returns None more often. iDRegEx supersedes kORE.
 
 **Decision:** `--idregex-refine` flag enables this. Default: off.
 When enabled, ~1 candidate per RAGSAK run gets refined. Cost is negligible.
+
+---
+
+## Round 17: CRX vs Refined CRX — When Does Clustering Help?
+
+**Hypothesis:** Refined CRX (cluster-then-infer) produces tighter grammars than
+standard CRX by grouping sequences by first symbol before inference. But it might
+be too tight on already-structured groups, or produce trivial single-symbol grammars.
+
+**Method:** Compared CRX vs refined CRX on all packages across 3 codebases:
+RAGSAK (Kotlin), FastAPI (Python), Flask (Python). Metrics: structure score,
+model_cost, and whether refined output is trivial (model_cost < 2).
+
+**Results:**
+
+| Codebase | CRX wins | Refined wins | Tie | Trivial (refined) |
+|----------|----------|--------------|-----|-------------------|
+| RAGSAK   | 0        | 4            | 0   | 3                 |
+| FastAPI  | 1        | 2            | 0   | 1                 |
+| Flask    | 0        | 1            | 1   | 1                 |
+| **Total**| **1**    | **7**        | **1**| **5**            |
+
+**When refined CRX wins (7 cases):**
+- Low structure (CRX struct < 0.05), large groups (50-700 methods)
+- Refined clusters by first symbol, finds tighter groupings
+- Example: RAGSAK `agents` (519 methods): CRX struct=0.037 → refined struct=0.281
+- Example: FastAPI `fastapi` (375 methods): CRX model_cost=78 → refined model_cost=52
+
+**When refined CRX is trivial (5 cases):**
+- Large groups (368-973 methods) where all sequences share one common first symbol
+- Refined clusters everything into one group → CRX on that group → single symbol
+- Example: RAGSAK `app` (383 methods): refined to `return+` (model_cost=1)
+- Example: Flask `tests` (993 methods): refined to single symbol (model_cost=1)
+
+**When CRX wins (1 case):**
+- FastAPI `tests` (3618 methods): CRX struct=0.117, refined struct=0.043
+- Refined split too aggressively, lost the overall pattern
+
+**Key insight:** Refined CRX is better ~78% of the time when it produces something
+useful (model_cost ≥ 2), but produces trivial output ~36% of the time on large
+groups. The triviality check (model_cost ≥ 2) is essential.
+
+**Decision:** Refined CRX should be the default when `--split-mixed` is enabled.
+The triviality check ensures we don't replace good CRX grammars with single symbols.
+The pipeline should: (1) run refined CRX, (2) if trivial, fall back to CRX.
+
+**Recommendation:** Make refined CRX the default for `--split-mixed` mode.
+Keep standard CRX as fallback. No need for iDRegEx or kORE in the pipeline.